Urine Alkalizers
Urine Alkalizers are used to increase pH of urine. these used as a test for renal tubular acidosis. Acidification helps in the excretion of certain drugs like amphetamine, phencyclidine, quinine etc.
Ammonium chloride, ascorbic acid or calcium chloride can be used to acidify urine. Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) is metabolized in the liver to NH4+ and Cl–.
The Cl– is excreted along with Na+. The base conserving mechanisms secrete H+ and NH4+ into the urine.
Administration and uses of Urine Alkalizers
Acidification increases action of hexamine, penicillins and tetracyclines in the treatment of urinary tract infections. Acidification increases excretion of basic drugs like Pethidine and amphetamine.