Regional Surgery

Common surgical affection of stomach and cardia in dogs is Gastric dilatation and Volvulus (GDV) that need immediate surgical intervention.

Hernia in animals are Umbilical hernia, Ventral hernia, Perineal hernia, Gut tie, Caudal or femoral hernia, Diaphragmatic hernia in dogs and bovines, Inguinal hernia, Hiatal hernia etc.

Surgical affections of thorax in animals is surgically corrected by thoracotomy. other least invasive options also available if the affection is limited to outside of thoracic cavity.

Mechanical ventilation of the lungs is a must before thoracotomy as negative pressure of chest is altered by opening it.

Surgical affections of trachea and larynx in animals are usually acquired conditions by trauma and underlying diseases of narrowing tissues.

Common surgical affections of Oesophagus is choke as animal having habit of indiscriminate feeding habit of indiscriminate feeding and thus picking up the foreign bodies

Surgical affections of Neck Surgical affections of Neck in animals are Poll Evil, yoke gall, yoke tumor and yoke ulcer,

Eye worm affections in large animals are intra ocular and extra ocular in presence. Mainly Setaria and thelazia are the worm of eye in animals.

Normal refraction of the eye is called Emmetropia and abnormal refraction is called Ametropia.

Uvea is the pigmented layer of the eye. it have various surgical affections in animals.