Eosinophils of animals
Eosinophils of animals are large cells which contain large cytoplasmic granules that stain red or purple eosin stain. They have bilobed nucleus, connected by a thin filament.
The cytoplasmic granules contain enzymes, which are rich in oxidases‚ and peroxidases. Eosinophils are produced from the bone marrow and are highly motile, but less phagocytic.
Eosinophils function to detoxify the proteins of the parasites, phagocytise antigen-antibody complexes, the inflammatory products of the mast cells and basophils.
These cells have antiheparin‚ and anti- histaminic substances, thus act as an anti-inflammatory and anti- allergic agent. Eosinophils release profibrinolysin‚ which is then activated to fibrinolysin‚ and causes the dissolution of old blood clot.
Abnormalities of Eosinophils
Eosinophilia
Eosinophilia is increased number of eosinophils in the circulation. This condition is common in G.I. parasitic infections, allergic disorders like bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, in skin diseases like eczema and dermatitis, drug reactions following penicillin and sulphanamides administration.
Eosinopenia
Eosinopenia is decreased number of eosinophils in circulation. This condition occurs following stress , administration of ACTH or cortisol etc.