Diseases of Neonates in Animals
Diseases of Neonates in Animals are Hypothermia, Hypoglycemia, Starvation, Septicemia, etc.
- Prenatal period: From birth to first 24 hrs of age.
- Post natal Period:
- Early post natal period: within 48 hrs of birth.
- Delayed post natal period: 2-7 days of age.
- Late post natal period: 1-4 weeks of age.
Classification of Neonates (Newborn) Disease
1. Fetal Disease
The disease of the fetus during the intrauterine life. for example:
- Prolonged gestation
- Intrauterine
- infection Abortion
- Fetal death with resumption or mummification
2. Parturient Disease
Diseases condition associated with parturition especially assisted birth.
Dystocia: Cerebral anoxia or fetal hypoxemia injury to bone and tissue Improper cleaning of nasal mucus.
3. Post Natal Disease
- Early post natal disease
- Delayed post natal disease
- Late post natal disease
Early post natal disease
Early post natal disease (Within 48 hrs of life) is mostly by non-infection and metabolic disturbance.
- Hypothermia and Hypoglycemia- due to poor mothering, exposed to cold and malnutrition.
- Congenital disease condition – atresia ani, atresia et rectai, improper closure of the mouth commissars and cleft palate.
- During the early period young animal susceptible to infection, but exhibiting the clinical signs will be noticed late post natal period. eg. Joint ill, naval ill, collibacillosis.
Delayed post natal disease (2-7 days of life)
Dam not allowing sucking milk (Heifers) and mammary incompetence (udder edema, mastitis, milk allergy and teat abnormalities) which results starvation and increases susceptible to infection (due to failure of Colostrum immunity). eg. Joint ill, lamb dysentery, collibacillosis and viral enteritis (rota, corona and Parvo).
Late post natal disease (1-4 weeks of age)
The late onset of disease due to the low colostral immunity cause.
- Enteric infection and respiratory disease: Calves are high risk for death in first 2 weeks of age because of the septicemia and enteric disease with respiratory disease (pneumonia) condition.
- Deficiency: Vitamin E and Selenium
- Pre ruminant
Rumen development starts from 3rd week onwards. Improper closer of the reticular groove may cause diarrhea and acidosis etc.
